Skoliose: Klassifikation, Schweregrad und Management

Scoliosis is a lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine ≥10° (Cobb angle), often with vertebral rotation. It affects 2–3% of adolescents.

Idiopathic (80%): No known cause; adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) most common.
Congenital: Vertebral malformations present at birth.
Neuromuscular: Secondary to cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, etc.
Degenerative: Adult-onset from disc/joint degeneration.

Cobb Angle	Severity	Typical Management
10°–25°	Mild	Observation, physical therapy, bracing if progressing
25°–40°	Moderate	Bracing (if growing), PT, monitoring
>40°–50°	Severe	Surgical correction (spinal fusion) often indicated

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