Die vier Herzkammern des Menschen: Anatomie und Blutfluss erklärt

The human heart is a four-chambered muscular pump that maintains two distinct circulatory circuits:

Chambers & Functions

• Right atrium – Receives deoxygenated systemic venous return (via superior/inferior vena cava, coronary sinus).
• Right ventricle – Pumps deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary arteries for oxygenation.
• Left atrium – Receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins.
• Left ventricle – Generates systemic pressure; ejects oxygenated blood into the aorta.

Valves Ensure Unidirectional Flow

• Tricuspid (RA→RV)
• Pulmonary (RV→PA)
• Mitral (LA→LV)
• Aortic (LV→Ao)

The left ventricular wall is ~3× thicker than the right, reflecting the higher pressure workload of systemic circulation. Coordinated electrical activation (SA node → AV node → bundle branches → Purkinje fibers) ensures efficient sequential contraction.