Zystoskopie: Verfahren, Indikationen und was Sie erwarten können

Cystoscopy is endoscopic visualization of the urethra and bladder using a rigid or flexible cystoscope. It is a cornerstone of urologic diagnosis and therapy.

Indications

• Hematuria (microscopic/gross) evaluation
• Recurrent UTI (≥3/yr or ≥2 in 6 mo)
• Voiding dysfunction (obstruction, retention)
• Bladder tumor surveillance (NMIBC)
• Urolithiasis (diagnosis/treatment)
• Foreign body, fistula, diverticulum
• Urethral stricture assessment
• Neurourologic evaluation

Procedure Types

Patient Experience

• Prep: Empty bladder, no fasting (flexible).
• Position: Lithotomy.
• Duration: 5–15 min (diagnostic).
• Sensation: Pressure, urge to void, brief burning.

Post-Procedure

• Mild dysuria, frequency, pink urine × 24–48 hrs.
• Hydrate well.
• Antibiotic prophylaxis only if high risk (prosthetic valve, immunosuppressed).
• Complications rare: UTI (<5%), bleeding, perforation (<0.1%).

Advanced Techniques

• Blue Light (Cysview) – fluorescence detection of carcinoma in situ.
• Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) – vascular pattern enhancement.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) – depth resolution.