Boden glasige interstitielle Lungenerkrankung: Ursachen, Symptome, Diagnose und Behandlung

Ground-glass opacity (GGO) on high-resolution CT (HRCT) appears as hazy increased lung density with preserved bronchial and vascular markings. It reflects partial filling of air spaces or interstitial thickening.

Common Etiologies

• Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
• Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)
• Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
• Sarcoidosis
• Organizing pneumonia (OP)
• Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP)
• Drug-induced lung injury
• Radiation pneumonitis
• Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)
• Infections (viral, fungal, Pneumocystis)
• Alveolar hemorrhage

Clinical Presentation

• Dyspnea (often progressive)
• Dry cough
• Fatigue, weight loss
• Chest discomfort
• Inspiratory crackles on auscultation

Diagnostic Approach

HRCT pattern, distribution, and clinical context guide differential. Further workup may include pulmonary function tests, serology, bronchoscopy, or surgical lung biopsy.

Treatment

Depends entirely on the underlying cause. Options include corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, antifibrotics (nintedanib, pirfenidone for IPF), oxygen therapy, or lung transplantation in advanced disease.